Sectional steam-boiler



(No Model.) 3 Shets-Sheet 1. A. MERGER. SEOTIONAL STEAM BOILER.

Patented Jan. 26, 1892 E ql.

WITNESSES: MW

BY W Z ATTORNEY (No Model.) 3 Sheets--Shet 2, A. MERGER. SEGTIONAL STEAMBOILER.

Patented Jan. 26, 1892.

I l IA!viii/11555552;G

WITNESSES:

INVENTOR ATT-WRNEY 1m: Moms firms :0, mam-mum, wxsumomx, o. c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet .3.

A. MERGER. SEGTIONAL STEAM BOILER.

No. 467,704. Patented Jan. 26,, 1892.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR I 1 BY i y AfioRNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDRPHV MERCER, OF BROOKLYN, NE\V YORK.

SECTIONAL STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 467,704, dated January26, 1892.

Application filed November 3, 1891. Serial No. 110,794. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW MERCER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brooklyn, count yof Kings, State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Sectional Steam-Boilers, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to sectional boilers adapted for house-heatingpurposes, and to that class of boilers composed of a plurality of likesections which may be built up in any desired number intermediate to thefront and back section to vary and determine the capacity of the boiler;and the purpose of my invention is to adapt a return-flue boiler for thedelivery of smoke at the front end and to locate all the parts thatrequire access during the use of the boiler in proximity. Thus when theboiler is in a brick or other setting designed to compose a hot-airchamber the escape of smoke therein is avoided and all parts renderedaccessible for operating or cleaning after the superstructure iscompleted.

The purpose of my invention is also to establish a means of direct draftfor starting or accelerating the fire, and to variously improve theconstruction and operation of the apparatus.

To these ends my invention consists in certain novel features ofconstruction and arrangement of the parts of a sectional boiler,hereinafter fully described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinalsection of the apparatus; Fig. 2, a front end View, partly in elevationand partly in section, on the line a: a, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a cross-sectiontaken on theline y 1 Fig. 1; Fig. at, a partial horizontal section takenon the line .2 z in the several views, and Fig. 5 a perspective viewshowing the appli cation of the invention.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout theillustration.

A represents the front end section; B, the secondary front section; C C,&c., two intermediate sections, and D the rear section. Each of thesesections include or form component parts of the steam-space and thewater-space, which are separate in each section, the furnace F, and thewalls of the ash-pit G.

E is the steam-drum connected to all the sections by pipes at a, the.

II II in Fig. 2 represent longitudinal waterdrums nippled to eachsection of the series.

I is a front extension smoke-box; J, the smoke-delivery flue; J, thesmoke-hood; K, the cleaning-doors whereby deposits are removed from thefines M N; O, the check-draft damper, and P the direct-draft damper.

R is a supplemental draft-damper composed of a perforated slidecontrolling perforations 0, provided adjacent to the fire-door S in thefront section A.

Provision is made whereby the ash-pit door '1 may be raised and kept inapartly-opened position, as indicated in Fig. 1, to aiford the necessarymain supply of air to the furnace.

The secondary front section B has an interior contour, such asrepresented by the line b bin Fig. 2, embracing one set of flue-sectionsM, and the remaining intermediate sections 0 C, &c., and the frontsection A embrace both series of flue-sections M and N, and the interiorcontours of the said sections (1 O, &c., are represented by the linescc,Fig. 2. Thus a furnace is formed having its main air-supply beneath anexit for hot gases near the front, and a supplemental draft near saidexit, whereby the burning gases are replenished with oxygen preparatoryto entering the fines. The return-bend of the fines is formed by theconcave in the rear section D. Each section is extended below thewater-space to form component parts of the ashpit walls, the legs Ybeing cast integrally with the upper parts of the sections. There arepacking-grooves formed by the ribs 6 c, which are filled with suitablepacking arranged to extend around or embrace the fines and the fire-boxF, and these ribs and packings are also continued downward to the floorof the ash-pit, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 4, to render the latterair-tight in the joints between the sections. The outside plates f aresecured to the sides and back of the sections in the manner indicated tofinish the exterior of the lower portion thereof, and the severalsections are all secured together by bolts 9 entering their flanges h.

The rocking grates V have inverted-U- shaped grooves under theirextremities, and

. casting, especially at the parts k of the interstices between thetubes, so that the said core may stand securely in the mold, at the same7 time preserving the necessary area of the fines, whereas if the sidesof the said flues were vertical and parallel, as is usual, with thenecessary areas and the narrow chambers between them, the small columnsof sand therein would be liable to break.

When the boiler is inclosed in its setting of brick-work, as representedin Fig. 5, the extension I admits of the direct connection of the smokefine or pipe'without passage through the hot-air chamber \V', whence hotair is supplied to the building. The check- -draft damper O for thedelivery-fine is also rendered accessible at the front of the boiler. Acleaning-box is PI'OXlClGd having cleaningdoors K covering both seriesof fines M N, and a means of direct draft from the lower series of finesM to the delivering-point J is, moreover, provided and a suitablechamber afforded for the direct-draft damper P to operate in. The damperP may be operated from the exterior by means of a suitable.

handlep on the side of the box I, which handle also serves as atumbling-bob to keep the said damper shut.

When the damper P is dropped, as indicated by dotted lines and thecleaning-doors K opened, the fines may be cleaned by means of a suitablescraper and the deposits collected from both sets of fines precipitatedthrough the opening B into the furnace.

In starting the fire the damper P may be temporarily opened to augmentthe draft until the fuel has become well ignited, subsequent to which aslow fire is maintained by the closure of said damper, and the completecombustion of the gases may then be promoted by opening the supplementaldraft R to charge the candescent gases with fresh oxygen.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a sectional boiler built up of transverse sections, the upper andlower fiues therein, the latter communicating with the furnace at ornear the front section thereof, the said fines communicating together ina rear section of the boiler to form a return draft, and in combinationtherewith a front extension smoke-box forming the exit, including theextremities of all the fines, and a damper within the box controllingthe direct communication. of the lower fines therewith, for the purposesdescribed.

2. The combination, in a sectional boiler built up of transversesections, of the intermediate sections having openings forming, whenunited, continuous lower and upper series of fines, a front sectionhaving thereon a smokebox forming the exit, a secondary front sectioncontaining portions of the upper fines only and establishing a passagebe tween the lower fines and the furnace, and a rear section concaved toform a communicating passage between the said lower and upper series offines, substantially as described.

8. In conjunction with the direct and indirect fiues in a sectionalboiler ot' the char acter described, delivering at the front thereof, anextension-box opposite the. said fines, comprising a smoke-exit,acleaning-receptacle, a check-draft chamber, and a directdraft chamber,the said box being provided with the dampers O and P, substantially asset forth.

4. In combination with the furnace in a sectional boiler of thecharacter described, the fiues and the delivery-passage of the furnacecommunicating thereto adjacent to the front section, and a draft-supplybeneath the grates, the supplemental draft-passages adjacent the saiddelivery-passage of the furnace and a damper, for the purpose specified.

. ANDREW MERCER.

Witnesses:

G. W. IRELAND, M. A. DWYER.

